Optimal. Leaf size=92 \[ \frac{a \left (\left (a^2+4 b^2\right ) \sin (x)+3 a b \cos (x)\right )}{2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2 (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))^2}-\frac{\left (a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{a \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-b}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{\left (a^2+b^2\right )^{5/2}} \]
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Rubi [B] time = 0.695363, antiderivative size = 300, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.26, number of steps used = 13, number of rules used = 7, integrand size = 16, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.438, Rules used = {4401, 1660, 12, 618, 206, 3155, 3074} \[ -\frac{a b \left (5 a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )+3 a^2 b^2+4 a^4+2 b^4}{a b \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2 \left (-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )+a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}+\frac{2 \left (\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )+a b\right )}{a \left (a^2+b^2\right ) \left (-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )+a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )^2}+\frac{2 a}{b \left (a^2+b^2\right ) (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))}-\frac{a^2 \left (2 a^2-b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b-a \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^{5/2}}+\frac{2 a^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2}}-\frac{\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \sqrt{a^2+b^2}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 4401
Rule 1660
Rule 12
Rule 618
Rule 206
Rule 3155
Rule 3074
Rubi steps
\begin{align*} \int \frac{\sin ^2(x)}{(a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))^3} \, dx &=\int \left (\frac{a^2 \cos ^2(x)}{b^2 (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))^3}-\frac{2 a \cos (x)}{b^2 (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))^2}+\frac{1}{b^2 (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))}\right ) \, dx\\ &=\frac{\int \frac{1}{a \cos (x)+b \sin (x)} \, dx}{b^2}-\frac{(2 a) \int \frac{\cos (x)}{(a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))^2} \, dx}{b^2}+\frac{a^2 \int \frac{\cos ^2(x)}{(a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))^3} \, dx}{b^2}\\ &=\frac{2 a}{b \left (a^2+b^2\right ) (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))}-\frac{\operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{a^2+b^2-x^2} \, dx,x,b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)\right )}{b^2}+\frac{\left (2 a^2\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{\left (1-x^2\right )^2}{\left (a+2 b x-a x^2\right )^3} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{b^2}-\frac{\left (2 a^2\right ) \int \frac{1}{a \cos (x)+b \sin (x)} \, dx}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )}\\ &=-\frac{\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \sqrt{a^2+b^2}}+\frac{2 a}{b \left (a^2+b^2\right ) (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))}+\frac{2 \left (a b+\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{a \left (a^2+b^2\right ) \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )^2}-\frac{a^2 \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{-\frac{8 \left (a^4+2 b^4\right )}{a^3}+16 b \left (1+\frac{b^2}{a^2}\right ) x+8 \left (a+\frac{b^2}{a}\right ) x^2}{\left (a+2 b x-a x^2\right )^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{4 b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )}+\frac{\left (2 a^2\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{a^2+b^2-x^2} \, dx,x,b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )}\\ &=\frac{2 a^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2}}-\frac{\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \sqrt{a^2+b^2}}+\frac{2 a}{b \left (a^2+b^2\right ) (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))}+\frac{2 \left (a b+\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{a \left (a^2+b^2\right ) \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )^2}-\frac{4 a^4+3 a^2 b^2+2 b^4+a b \left (5 a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )}{a b \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2 \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}+\frac{a^2 \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{16 \left (2 a^2-b^2\right )}{a+2 b x-a x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{16 b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2}\\ &=\frac{2 a^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2}}-\frac{\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \sqrt{a^2+b^2}}+\frac{2 a}{b \left (a^2+b^2\right ) (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))}+\frac{2 \left (a b+\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{a \left (a^2+b^2\right ) \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )^2}-\frac{4 a^4+3 a^2 b^2+2 b^4+a b \left (5 a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )}{a b \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2 \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}+\frac{\left (a^2 \left (2 a^2-b^2\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{a+2 b x-a x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2}\\ &=\frac{2 a^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2}}-\frac{\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \sqrt{a^2+b^2}}+\frac{2 a}{b \left (a^2+b^2\right ) (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))}+\frac{2 \left (a b+\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{a \left (a^2+b^2\right ) \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )^2}-\frac{4 a^4+3 a^2 b^2+2 b^4+a b \left (5 a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )}{a b \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2 \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}-\frac{\left (2 a^2 \left (2 a^2-b^2\right )\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{4 \left (a^2+b^2\right )-x^2} \, dx,x,2 b-2 a \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2}\\ &=\frac{2 a^2 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^{3/2}}-\frac{\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b \cos (x)-a \sin (x)}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \sqrt{a^2+b^2}}-\frac{a^2 \left (2 a^2-b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{b-a \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{b^2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^{5/2}}+\frac{2 a}{b \left (a^2+b^2\right ) (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))}+\frac{2 \left (a b+\left (a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}{a \left (a^2+b^2\right ) \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )^2}-\frac{4 a^4+3 a^2 b^2+2 b^4+a b \left (5 a^2+2 b^2\right ) \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )}{a b \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2 \left (a+2 b \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-a \tan ^2\left (\frac{x}{2}\right )\right )}\\ \end{align*}
Mathematica [A] time = 0.394132, size = 92, normalized size = 1. \[ \frac{a \left (\left (a^2+4 b^2\right ) \sin (x)+3 a b \cos (x)\right )}{2 \left (a^2+b^2\right )^2 (a \cos (x)+b \sin (x))^2}-\frac{\left (a^2-2 b^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{a \tan \left (\frac{x}{2}\right )-b}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}\right )}{\left (a^2+b^2\right )^{5/2}} \]
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [B] time = 0.12, size = 212, normalized size = 2.3 \begin{align*} -8\,{\frac{1}{ \left ( \left ( \tan \left ( x/2 \right ) \right ) ^{2}a-2\,b\tan \left ( x/2 \right ) -a \right ) ^{2}} \left ( -1/8\,{\frac{a \left ({a}^{2}-2\,{b}^{2} \right ) \left ( \tan \left ( x/2 \right ) \right ) ^{3}}{{a}^{4}+2\,{a}^{2}{b}^{2}+{b}^{4}}}+3/8\,{\frac{b \left ({a}^{2}-2\,{b}^{2} \right ) \left ( \tan \left ( x/2 \right ) \right ) ^{2}}{{a}^{4}+2\,{a}^{2}{b}^{2}+{b}^{4}}}-1/8\,{\frac{ \left ({a}^{2}+10\,{b}^{2} \right ) a\tan \left ( x/2 \right ) }{{a}^{4}+2\,{a}^{2}{b}^{2}+{b}^{4}}}-3/8\,{\frac{{a}^{2}b}{{a}^{4}+2\,{a}^{2}{b}^{2}+{b}^{4}}} \right ) }-{\frac{{a}^{2}-2\,{b}^{2}}{{a}^{4}+2\,{a}^{2}{b}^{2}+{b}^{4}}{\it Artanh} \left ({\frac{1}{2} \left ( 2\,a\tan \left ( x/2 \right ) -2\,b \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{{a}^{2}+{b}^{2}}}}} \right ){\frac{1}{\sqrt{{a}^{2}+{b}^{2}}}}} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F(-2)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] time = 0.52851, size = 656, normalized size = 7.13 \begin{align*} -\frac{{\left (a^{2} b^{2} - 2 \, b^{4} +{\left (a^{4} - 3 \, a^{2} b^{2} + 2 \, b^{4}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \,{\left (a^{3} b - 2 \, a b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (x\right ) \sin \left (x\right )\right )} \sqrt{a^{2} + b^{2}} \log \left (-\frac{2 \, a b \cos \left (x\right ) \sin \left (x\right ) +{\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, a^{2} - b^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt{a^{2} + b^{2}}{\left (b \cos \left (x\right ) - a \sin \left (x\right )\right )}}{2 \, a b \cos \left (x\right ) \sin \left (x\right ) +{\left (a^{2} - b^{2}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} + b^{2}}\right ) - 6 \,{\left (a^{4} b + a^{2} b^{3}\right )} \cos \left (x\right ) - 2 \,{\left (a^{5} + 5 \, a^{3} b^{2} + 4 \, a b^{4}\right )} \sin \left (x\right )}{4 \,{\left (a^{6} b^{2} + 3 \, a^{4} b^{4} + 3 \, a^{2} b^{6} + b^{8} +{\left (a^{8} + 2 \, a^{6} b^{2} - 2 \, a^{2} b^{6} - b^{8}\right )} \cos \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \,{\left (a^{7} b + 3 \, a^{5} b^{3} + 3 \, a^{3} b^{5} + a b^{7}\right )} \cos \left (x\right ) \sin \left (x\right )\right )}} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F(-1)] time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Timed out} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [B] time = 1.24283, size = 266, normalized size = 2.89 \begin{align*} \frac{{\left (a^{2} - 2 \, b^{2}\right )} \log \left (\frac{{\left | 2 \, a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right ) - 2 \, b - 2 \, \sqrt{a^{2} + b^{2}} \right |}}{{\left | 2 \, a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right ) - 2 \, b + 2 \, \sqrt{a^{2} + b^{2}} \right |}}\right )}{2 \,{\left (a^{4} + 2 \, a^{2} b^{2} + b^{4}\right )} \sqrt{a^{2} + b^{2}}} + \frac{a^{3} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right )^{3} - 2 \, a b^{2} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right )^{3} - 3 \, a^{2} b \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right )^{2} + 6 \, b^{3} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right )^{2} + a^{3} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right ) + 10 \, a b^{2} \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right ) + 3 \, a^{2} b}{{\left (a^{4} + 2 \, a^{2} b^{2} + b^{4}\right )}{\left (a \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right )^{2} - 2 \, b \tan \left (\frac{1}{2} \, x\right ) - a\right )}^{2}} \end{align*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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